Drilling machine



Aug. 19, 1952 J. A.'UP| ER,1I 2,607,244

DRILLING MACHINE JOHN A. cuPLER n Attorney Aug. 19, 1952 4 .1. A. CUPLERJI DRILLING MACHINE Filed oct. e, l1*.150

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Inventor JOHN A. CUPLER 11 A? yA-f Patented Aug. 19, 1952 f e STATES PATENT! Afilillll' 2121 vDRILLnrGr MACHINE i Johan. cupleen, cumberlanaMa. i l npplieationombers,1950, serialiNo. 188,799

This inventionfrelatesj.to drilling vn lachineswherein rotation of. drillr spindles :is confined vtomotion about their owniaxes.. p

The problem of` maintaining-.a tool:l on 'its own axis has beeny discussed atlength ina copend'- ing application, Serial No. 15,5710,- led March 18, 1948; of which this applicationfconstitutesa con tinuation-in-part. y The bearings and other relativelyy moving parts of, conventional drilling machines zjrnust.y necessarily, provide tolerances; .and almost inevitably possess eccentricities tofsomedegree. V,Such characteristics` are always adversely. reflected in the Work, and frequently voniga-magnifiedjscale.l It is wardslthe Work, thejoperatorwillbe compelled. to overcome this biasing effect, which effectin-V creases as the sp-indle is advanced. Moreover, it .is'preferableinmany cases contemplated-iherein .that the spindle axis .of .lthei machine'be .substantially vertical, isothattheinotchiorming surfaces deflning the bearings willc'onverge @towards a common substantiallyivertical axis..

`Actuating .meansfor Lfeedin'gathe spindle maybe 'supportedibyithe frameg. and. anadj acent; hand4 res'tmay be 'employed for iincreased `accuracy in controlling the feed. Adjustable :stops are provided` in. such. cases ...to assist. in; limiting the extent of such feed. s -v y 1 Rotation. of thespindle mawbeeife'cted by'al motor havnga separate framensona'sf to` reduce. the.. effects of. vibration,- .and;. the: motor pulley is.l preferably. elevated? abovefa v groove; orpulley on .the spindle' tol' produce thezlbiasingzeffects.'

The belt 'preferably 'engagescthe' spindle .groove or pulley intermediatethe bearings, :and: `where bending stresses on the spindle are to benmaintained at. aminimum,` the engagement .willioccur closely Yadjacentone'oithebearings.4 A

ALdrillpoint may be integral with'lthe spindle assuring concentricity, or the drillmaybe carried directly -by a spindle with which it is concentric, Without needl for thecustomary intermediate chucksorcollets. u

The open bearingsvrmay be oftheV V-type and their bearing-surfaces may be formed fromnatural or synthetic jewels such. Vas sapphires or rubies. Y, I

The belt must be fiexible and is preferably somewhat extensible and resilient to produce the desired `biasing effects vfor all `positions of the spindle feed; -i

A more lthorough understanding of the invention and its *objects` will, follow `from a detailed description oi` the "accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig., 1 is'an .elevation depicting a drilling machine embodying `the present invention;Vv

Fig. 2 is an elevation lof the machine as it would appearfrom the rightend :of Fig.. l1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentaryiperspective viewon'an enlarged scale and partially broken. away, ofl a detailof'the machine ofthe preceding figures;

Fig. -.4 is an elevationv looking from: the right end of.Fig,-g3;

Fig. Y5 is ayf-ragmentary; section on anv enlarged scale depicting'one typegof yspindle'and drill;

and i Fig. 6 is a fragmentary* elevation on an enlarged scale-depicting anotherf type-'of spindle and drillassembly.

The"frame: l0 .of thedrilling `machine comprises a ibase/i2; arcolumn'` i4 suitably secured theretoathe Acolummhaving 1a ftapered portion l5 intersecting. .ai 'reduced upper portionvv I8; Awhich terminates yin -a horizontallydisposed arm Aitil, -bifurcatedffto define :projections 22 Awhosey ends receive notches-24;zspaced.frotn -oneanother to A Apair of Vlugs :2;1; ups-tending yfrom the horizontal arm `of..,thecolumn- 'are in spaced-relationship to receive :a beam: v28 which is mounted therein by means'of a .pivot;pin-30. The forward portion 'of' the beamf'` carries a-Yiinger-piece 32 Whichithe Operator depresses-toffeed thedrill spindle-26 downwardly-towardsfthe work.- The underside of the.,` beam provided with. a wear plate- 3.4'for engagement -with the `tapered end .'36 ofthe spindle /2 6.;-f Downward travel of rthe spindle is"1imited^:'by.meansofi a. screw -38 threaded lthrough a forward ,portion o f-.the beam andsecured in adjustedposition with respectftheretc by `means of a .locl :nut 49.1 Y',Ihe .upward limit of travel of theYSpindleisf-adjusted'- by-m-eans of asimilar screw V4 ll threadedth-rough ythe Ybeamon the opposi-te side of the pivot pin 30 and locked in adjusted position by means of a nut 42. A counterweight 44 may be adjustably secured to the beam by means of a screw 46.

The base l2 has a sleeve 48 secured thereto in which the column 50 of a work table 52 is adjustably secured by means of a clamping screw 54. Also carried by the base, is a hand rest 56 whose lower end is threaded into the base and held in an adjusted position by means of a lock nut 58, and whose upper end carries a knob 66 upon which an operator can rest his hand to achieve the desired stability required in connection with the drilling of small holes.

The spindle 26 is provided with a groove or a grooved pulley 62 suitably secured thereto for imparting rotation to the spindle thro'ugh'aY belt 64 driven by a grooved member or pulley 66 mounted on a shaft 68 of a motor 'I0 whose base 'I2 is separate from the base l2 of the column I to avoid the transmission of excessive vibration to the work and spindle. The motor base 12 is provided with feet 14 and with a lever 16 for the purpose of establishing and relieving belt tension.A The lever 'I6 is secured to a shaft 18 suitably journaled in the rear portion of the base 12, an arm 80 being secured to an intermediate portion of the shaft and carrying at its end a roller 62 mounted thereon by means of a pivot 84. Thus, it will be clear that when the handle 16 is moved towards the right as viewed in Fig. 1, the rearY portion of the base 'l2 will be elevatedfrelieving the tension of the belt and permitting manipulation of the spindle. It is veryy important to note that the belt 64 is inclined downwardly from the motor pulley 66 to the uppermost position assumed by the pulley 62 so that the spindle 26 is always biased upwardly towards the bea'rn28. Moreover, it is the tension of the belt alone that holds thefspindle in its bearings 24, the belt thus producing two distinct biasing effects. To prevent injury to the spindle and its drill when tension on the belt is relaxed, a guard 86 has been provided, but it is preferable that no portions of this guard engage the spindle during a drilling operation. Whereas the guard may assume a variety of forms, for purposes of illustration, it has been shown as comprising a pair of horizontal arms 88 secured together by a vertical member .90 and secured to the frame by means of hinges 92. The forward ends of the horizontal bars 83 have clips 94 secured thereto by means of screws 96. An operating handleV 98 is threaded into the upper arm and used for shifting the guard to and from the position shown in the drawings'l where it prevents accidental removal of the spindleV 26. An over center spring |00 extends between a pin |02 carried by the guard and a fastener |04 carried by the frame to hold the guard in either its restraining position shown or its retracted position which it assumes when it is desired to install or remove a spindle.

YThe V-bearings shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 4, may contain hardened inserts |06, which may be metallic, or jewels such as natural or synthetic rubies or Sapphires. However, it is well within the intent of this invention'that there be no such lining or surfacing material, since extremely satisfactory results have been achieved through the use of V-notches ground directly in the ends of the projections 22. Y Y

The spindle 26 depicted in Fig. 5 has its lower end terminating in a tapered socket |08 for the reception of a complementary shank H0 of the cautions in the manufacture of both the drill and spindle. However, the presence of dust on the .shank or in the socket can introduce small '62 with respect to the motor pulley 66, the inclination of the belt will be increased, tending to increase the biasing effect upon the spindle. The belt 64 will be flexibleto accommodate such changes in distances as occur in this manner, and resilient belts embodying rubber or its substitutes have been used' Atcl great advantage. Belts for this purpose have also been formed from fishing line with the production of excellent results.

By the use ofthe V-notches contemplated, or pairs of `balls such as have been described in the copending applicationabove mentioned of which vthis applicationis a continuation-inpart, wear of the parts becomes vself-compensating and introduces no inaccuracies. Whereas the pulley 62 issecured to the spindle 26 at a point intermediate the'two bearings, it will be noted that in its uppermost position as depicted in Fig. 1, the pulley isadjacent the upper bearing.v This permits a maximum stroke of the spindle downwardly andhas va further advantage of maintainingy bending stresses on the spindle at a minimum during a majority of the time the machine is in operation.

Whereas only one specific form of the machine has beenrillustrated and described, machines embodying these principles have been built in several formsby the present inventor for various specific uses. ,Accordingly this invention should not be restricted Ato the sample illustrated beyond the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A drilling machine comprising a frame. spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces carried by said frame,said surfacesfdening spindle bearings converging. towards a common axis, driving means for rotating alspindle in contact with at least one point of each of 'said bearing surfaces and parallel Vto saidaxi's, and actuating means for feeding said spindle axially relative to said bearings.

2. A drilling ,machine ycomprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining open bearings carried by said frame, a spindle having a substantially vertical axis received in said bearings in contact `with at least one point of each of said surfaces,A driving means for rotating said spindle about said axis in contact with said bearings, and actuating means for feeding said spindle axially relative to said bearings.V f

' 3. A drilling machine `comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notchforming surfaces defining spindle bearings vcarried by said frame, a vdrill spindle received insaid bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, spindle rotating means biasing said spindle into engagement with said bearings, and actuating means for feeding said spindle along a vertical axis relative to said bearings.

4. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining spindle bearings carried by said frame, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, means biasing said spindle into contact with said bearings and in one direction along the longitudinal axis of said spindle, and actuating means for feeding said spindle in an opposite direction along said axis.

5. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining vertically aligned spindle bearings carried by said frame, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, a pulley secured to said spindle, a driving belt received by said pulley, said belt biasing said spindle towards said bearings and in one vertical direction, and actuating means for feeding said spindle axially relative to said bearings in opposition to the vertical biasing effect of said belt.

6. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining substantially vertically aligned spindle bearings carried by said frame, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, frictional driving means imparting rotation to said spindle and simultaneously biasing said spindle vertically upwardly and laterally into engagement with said bearings, and actuating means for feeding said spindle downwardly relative to said bearings and increasing the biasing effect of said driving means.

7. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces dening open aligned spindle bearings, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces for rotation about its axis, a driving belt inclined at an acute angle to said axis for rotating said spindle and biasing said spindle towards said bearings and in one direction along its said axis, and actuating means for feeding said spindler relative to said bearings in another direction along said axis.

8. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces dening vertically aligned spindle bearings carried by said frame, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, driving means imparting rotation to said spindle intermediate said bearings, said driving means biasing said spindle towards said bearings and axially in one direction, and actuating means for feeding said spindle axially in another direction.

9. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining aligned spindle bearings carried by said frame, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, driving means biasing said spindle in two dimensions and imparting rotation to said spindle at a position unequally spaced between said bearings, and actuating means for feeding said spindle axially relative to said bearings.

10. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining aligned spindle bearings carried by said frame, a drill spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces, a drill point carried by said spindle and coaxial therewith, flexible driving means for rotating said spindle in Contact with said bearings and biasing said spindle substantially vertically in one direction, and actuating means for feeding said spindle substantially vertically in another direction.

11. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces carried by said frame, said surfaces defining substantially V-shaped spindle bearings, a spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces for rotation about its own axis, said spindle providing a drill socket, driving means for rotating said spindle in contact with said bearings and biasing said spindle in one direction along said axis, and actuating means for feeding said spindle in the other direction along said axis.

12. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining vertically aligned spindle bearings carried by said frame, a spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces for rotation about its own axis, a pulley secured to said spindle intermediate said bearings, a driving pulley displaced horizontally and vertically above said spindle pulley, a belt interconnecting said pulleys rotating said spindle and biasing said spindle towards said bearings and axially in one direction, and manually operated means for feeding said spindle axially Yin another direction.

13. A drilling machine comprising a frame, spaced pairs of notch forming surfaces defining open bearings carried by said frame, a spindle received in said bearings in contact with at least one point of each of said surfaces for rotation about its own axis, a motor for rotating said spindle, .and a belt under tension inclined at an acute angle to said spindle axis interconnecting said motor and spindle.

' 14. The invention as set forth in claim 13 wherein a drill point is concentric with said spindle and directly carried thereby.

15. The invention as set forth in claim 13 wherein a drill point is integral with said spindle.

16. The invention as set forth in claim 13 wherein said belt is resilient.

JOHN A. CUPLER, II.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 108,890 Deatrik Nov. 1, 1870 321,196 Eberhardt June 30, 1885 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 431,267 France Sept. 6, 1911 

